chromium helps with glucose metabolism by enhancing the effects of insulin. Through research it has been suggested that a low-molecular-weight chromium-binding substance (LMWCr) may enhance the response of the insulin receptor to insulin. The first step involves the conversion of the inactive form of the insulin receptor into the active form by binding insulin. This will stimulate chromium into the cell and it'll bind to the peptide, apoLMWCr, a form of the LMWCr, which lacks chromium. LMWCr will then bind to the insulin receptor and enhances its tyrosine kinase activity. For LMWCr to activate the insulin receptor dependents on its chromium content. If insulin levels drop the LMWCr will be released from the cell to terminate its effects.
Jane Higdon, Ph.D. Chromium. 2003. Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University.
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